Hence, the empirical results drawn from this study suggest that there is an urgent need in Nepal for greater investment at agrarian sector to address these farmers' level constraints and including supports for improving access to market and credit issues to farmers (institutional and policy supports).

Similarly, about 80 percent of the sample surveyed farmers opined that high cost of improving seeds, fertilizers and irrigation, inadequate knowledge on coping mechanism or in building resilience and inadequate access to credit facilities are the major hindrances to them for addressing weather and Climate Change (CC) related vagaries. Results show that, factors such as inadequate operational capital, poor access to weather forecast and climate change information, inadequate awareness program on climate change from government and non-government agencies are the major barriers for over 90 percent of the farmers surveyed by this study. Interviews were conducted for the crop year 2016 and for the main season rice cultivation in Nepal covering from June/July to October/November of each year (i.e., monsoonal cultivation of paddy). A structural questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions were prepared and used to obtain required information from 773 rice farming households from the targeted study areas. Ilam, Sindhuli, Syangja and Surkhet) of Nepal. Bara, Dang and Kailali) and four from Hilly region (i.e.

This study was done in seven districts, one district from each of seven provinces, where three from Terai region (i.e. The objective of this study is to measure the hindrances of climate change adaptation among rural rice farmers in Nepal and its possible way forward. Besides, they observed other barriers like lack of information about climate change, lack of knowledge about adaptation options, lack of access to credit, no access to irrigation water and poor soil fertility. Similarly, Ifeanyi-Obi & Issa (2013) observed eight major barriers faced by the Cassava farmers in Nigeria in adapting to climate change namely land and labor constrains, non-accessibility/ availability of farm input, non-availability/ high cost of farm facilities, farming practice and traditional belief, information constrains, poor agriculture service delivery, income constrains and government non-chalant attitude towards climate change issue. (2010) found that the major barriers to effective climate change adaptation in Southern Nigeria were land, poor climate change information, poor extension service delivery, huge cost of farm input, high cost of processing facilities, higher cost of irrigation facilities, credit constrains, labor constrains and income constrains.

In country specific context of barriers to adaptation, Ozor et al.

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